Well-sinking apparatus.



' PATBETTEDOGT. 16, 1906.

M. T. CHAPMAN.

WELL SINKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DBG.15,1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1 PATENTED OCT. 16, 1906.

M. T. CHAPMAN. WELL SINKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 1330.15, 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHBET 2 No. 8395201 PATENTED OCT. 16, 1906.

M T. CHAPMAN. WELL SINKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 030.15. 1903.

- 5 SHEETSSHEET a PATENTED 001 16, 1906.

M. T; CHAPMAN.

WELL SINKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED D3015. 1903.

5 JHBETSSHEET 4 No. 833301 I PATENTED (EC-1216, 1906.

M. T. CHAPMAN. WELL SINKING'APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DBO.15. 1903.

To all 'whom'it may concern:

UNITED STATES Pa nNT orrion MATTHEW T. CHAPMAN, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS.WELL-SINKING APPARATUS.

Original application filed September 25, 1899, Serial No.

Be it known that I, MATTHEW T. Gnar- MAN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residlng at Aurora, in the county of Kane and State of and waterto the well.

tus. Fig. 13 is a vertical section illustrating proved apparatusassemble Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in\IVelLSinking Apparatus, of which the following is a specification,reference being drawings.

My invention relates to a paratus for sinking wells, and has for itsobject to provide various improvements by which the sinking of wellsmaybe more expeditiously and satisfactorily accomplished than heretofore. laccomplish this object as hereinafter described and as illustrated inthe drawings. 1

What I regard as new is set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly insection, illustratin the devices. for supporting the airipe andwell-tube and apparatus for supp ying air Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig; 3 is a bottom view of a split-sleeve stufhng-box ofthe well-tube. Fig. 4c is a detail showing a modified arrangement of theair-tube. Fig. 5 is ittSGClZ-iOIl on line 5 5 of Fig. 6, showing theclamp for gripping the well-casing. Fig. ,6 is a side elevation of thesame, showing also the turn-- Fig. 1

table, some parts bein broken away. .7 is a View illustrating t carrangement of the well in side elevationfsomepairts being bro ken away.Fig. 8 is a side elevation ofpart'of the air-pipe, showing the ejector.Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the same. Fig. 10 is a plan view of theparts shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a plan view ofthe drill. Fig. 12 is aside elevation illustrating the lower end of the well-casing and thewell-sinking apparathe grooves in the perforated section of thewell-casing, and Fig. 14 is a view, artly in section, showing theseveral arts 0? my im- -l1L one figure.

The apparatus illustrated and described in my present application isanimprovemcnt 'u on and in some respects embodies some o the parts ofvarious prior patents issued to me, as follows: No. 382,689, dated May15, 1888; No. 409,272, dated August 20, 1899; Nos. reape -4 13,070,443,071, almanac-72, dated December 16, 1890, and No. 541,835, datedJuly 2, 1895, to which reference is Specification of Letters Patent.

731,607. Divided and had to the accompanying which will be termed thePatented Oct. 16, 1906. this application filed December 16, 1903. Serialmade for a full descripltion of the fundamental operation of well-sin'ng.

For present urposes it is sufiicient to say that a tube which forms thewell-casim is suspended by suitable apparatus from a orrich placed overthe site of the proposed well, said casing having at its lower end adrill adapted to bore through the earth. Suitable guiding devices areprovided by which the casing. is guided and also apparatus for rotatingthe casing anddrill to cause the drill to bore into the earth. Suchrotating devices are so arranged as to permit vertical movement of thecasing, so that as the drill penetrates the earth it may descend and theweight of the casing may rest upon the-drill to force it down. I preferto use rotating mechanisniwhich will permit jumping of the drill, whichconsists in raising the casing and then permitting it to drop, therebycausing the drill'point'to enter the rock, forming a'cut or notch, sothat when it is further rotitted it engages the rock and drills more re.idly. This is especially necessary where t e rock is so hard that theweight of the. drill and casing is not sufficient to cause the drill tocut deeply into the rock. In such cases the rotation of the drilloperates sim )ly to out a-fs'inodth surface on which the dril and diilllng by the-rotation of the drill alone would; therefore be very slowwork. After the well has'been bored to. a depth almost equal to that ofthe casing a second length of pipe is screwed upon the upper end of thefirst,-'additional sections being added from time to time as thecasing'descends into the earth- 1 Referring now to the drawings, 20indicates the well-casing and 21 a boring-tube well-tube. The casing 20is of considerably greater diameter than the well-tube 21 and serves asthe casing for the well. In Fig. 1 the well-casing 20 is ill'ustrated'asbeing carried at the lower end of the-well-tube 21, said parts beingcon.-

rests,

nected by a'c'oupling-head 22, screwed into,

casing. The head 22' may be. removed from the casing 20 and anothersection of'casing attached in place of it by the use of suitable tools.After the casing 20 has been sunk to a greater or lessdepth the drill 24(see Fig. 14) is usually attached to the lower end of the well-tubeinstead of to the casing. The well-tube 21 is suspended from a suitablyasleeve 23, carried at the upper end of the fii pipgmhiui'l is arranged-tuu-- 2 and extmuls down to w W H. "The uppvr and inougi; a smiling-boxH :mvn in Fig. A, and Mr- V ifi, adapted in he supamx'ick. Th head 46 mman aiwpipo 4%,, vxtemling pass:

(170' and z-m'nmuniwmmg mm an 2m"- hm'n in I" E. .3 thv upper and upnn a.5, as shown H, and 9. Said 11025714: is provided Wiflih :m. upwnmi?w-mrrimed annular nnihft 53,

Said 0 331309 raw me in His watelimafiiag fitmusm or strata.

in Fig 312 have 211 i the bm mm 0f :1 We Wham? a. vein of 1 be mad"minim is found, s0 that we v m be sunk 110 A r. The casing if;'ihe'refom pm W hm; :1. zmmhez' 0.1 %':M=F-bz1ling aw summed whirl;supply only :1 Sinai 1m ammmi nf wmm, not sufliciem m suppiy the; Z d'-z'ed Yniume, arm mmseuuently if, is, news ..y m continue hm 1g. inorder to utiiiza the water :Z'rmn the n33 veins in baring the weii, andi'hm'eby avm'd the? necessity of d'e- 1 15 mg Ware? haying puypar'sesimm an 7 supply, 1% provide means 5mm sue-h aim 1213i veins is; i0 firm521% 'WQBH-Cflfiiflg and n in the hoiafifim 1)? tbs W933 Where mo ("tarthe lea 0*! the casing xiih 9. ss en 58, covwing the and pm" ting mmsematm'fied the: casing in 0mm in 133- series of perforations 60, saidperforations being arranged with reference to the chandescribed is'asfollows: The well-casing and well-casing carrying the drill-point.

well-tube, the latter having Within it the airpipe 44, are suspendedfrom the derrick, the

The drilling operation is then commenced by rotating the casing and thewell-tube, water being supplied to the drill-point at first through t epipe 37 and the Well-tube. When *a water-bearing stratum is penetrated,a perforated casing-section 57 is placed in the well, so that instead ofusing an external water-supply the well supplies its own Water fordrilling purposes. The water entering the casing through the perforatedsection descends to the bdttom of the well, thenrises throughth'p'erforations 40 in the drill to the well-tube 21, carrying with itthe debris contained'in the well, The water is then ejectedby'air-pressure, the air being suppliedto the well-tube through thepipe/i4 and nozzle 52.

The outflowing wateris discharged through the pipe 37 and maybeconducted to any suitable point, such as a reservoir, where at;

tcr being allowed to "settle it may be used again, if necessary. The aircontained in the discharge-water 111181) bev discharged through the i e38-.

The o oration well or ischarging it t erefrom may be con ductedcoincidentally-with the operation of drilling, owing to theswivel-supports for the air-pipe and welltube.

The w ll-ttibe 21 1- other drilling means 7 may be rotated and otherwiseoperated for boring the well; by means'of any suitable mechanism, butI'prefer to emplowthe mechanism illustrated in Figs' Sand -.6 anddescribed in detail in iny Patent No. 775,417, dated November 22, 1904,of which this a J plicationis a division, It will suffice for t epurposes oi this application to say that said mechanism consists of aturn-table, 62, suitably mounted on abaseilate 64, so as to freelyrotate thereon. driven by' any suitable driving mechanism," such as apinion 65, driven from a shaft 66 and engaging an annular-rack 67 on theurn der side of the turn-table. Theturn-table has a central passagethrough which the welltube passes and at opposite sides are arrangedmembers 70 of a clamp-frame having suitable, ripping devices in the formof disks 80, whic engage the Well-tube, so as to cause it to rotate withthe turn-table, but permit endwise movement of the well-tube at oppositesides thereof. tion the clamp-frame may rise and fall with of plying vwater to the while the lar ter, which-word aid turn-table isindependently ofthc'turn-table. The members of the clamp-frame are drawntogether, so as to cause the disks to grip the welltube by bolts 77, asshown in .Fig. 5. The clamp-frame moves vertically indcpendentl of theturn-table on rods 71 72, which are secured in an upright position onthe turn-table By this constructhe well-tube,-but meanwhile is caused torotate with the turntable This construction is fully illustrated anddescribed in my said Patent No. 775,417, and therefore will not bedescribed further-in detail herein.

In cases where it is not necessary to secure the advantages derived. byusing the swivel connectiondor the air-pipe an ordinary elbow, oint maybe used, as illustrated in-Fig. 4.

In, addition to the advantages already pointed out my improved apparatussesses' the'further advantage of proviiin means whereby the variousveins of the well are not clogged or closed in the operation of boring,as when lboring operations are extended below a W.i1.t9I'-V61Il anda'scieened air-pipe'and wel -tube the water ejected bythe compressed airpasses cup through the well-tube and is discharged'jvrthout comingcontact with the screen at all. In this way the strainer reniams clear,so that the flow of water from intermediate veins into the well is notimpeded.

A further adr antage is that in boring the boring machinery the smallparticles of granular matter, from the water-bearing stratum pass freely-through the strainer-section, ger'particles are retained outside ofthecasin In this wav the finer matoperate to clog or close the vein, isgot rid of, leaving the vein free to flow to its fullest capacity. i Themechanism for rotating the well-tube, by which the well-tube may bejumped and rotated at the same time, is not herein claimed,- as it formsthe subject-matter of my Patent No. 775,417, hereinbcfore referred to. iI have described myimprovements in detail; but it will be understoodthat various modifications may be made, as myinvention is not restrictedto the s ecific' construction described, "ei'rcept in so far as it isparticularly claimed. I

That which I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is

' 1. In, a well-sinking apparatus, the 'combination of a swiveled headhaving an aircasing-section placed opposite such vein the Abe, a yoke suporting :mkw L-m'rying a vase, an- "md 01" said base and s1'1p- 3 5 '1 mlaid wQiL-tube, nd an "'01" Gamma-Ling Lair dawn uba and dischar ingthere- QE. 0? the water thmein for and dabris from Liv: 0 i: unk,sunsmnfliafily as dem mixing apparatus, the 601 Neied head, 1m air-pipac0nand ezimmiing' dawn 121 50 5 51 aied W N-tube into which said :15 '3,mid air-pipe cp'mipg i'nm helm! 53:8 lave? of be water mm, anemia, m5mews far :omting said weii w'afirtul inmm, subsiozmtiaiiy dasmibed. go

said 6. i a vwii--sinkizzg appami us, the con} :20 binaiion-of'aweiLfiube, means 01' rotating

